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People, Technology, and Globalization: a New System of Coordinates

The report summarizes the intellectual work carried out during the second cycle of the Open Dialogue project in 2026. The report examines profound structural changes: the breakdown of the previous globalization model, the transformation of the financial system, and the acceleration of technological development. Demographic trends and new technologies are reshaping labor markets, social institutions, and the nature of sovereignty. Societies will need to adapt to a new reality where human capital development becomes a priority.

Key Takeaways

  • The world is transitioning to "Globalization 2.0" — a multilayered networked system in which sovereign national development platforms, new centers of global growth, connector countries, and non-state actors (digital platforms, decentralized networks) are playing increasingly important roles.
  • Rising public debt, high transaction costs, and the politicization of cross-border payments make traditional finance expensive and vulnerable. Demand is growing for alternative mechanisms (central bank digital currencies, tokenization).
  • Declining fertility and increasing life expectancy are driving accelerated population aging and, consequently, higher pressure on pension systems, healthcare, and long-term care. At the same time, demographic changes are uneven: most countries in Asia and Latin America are aging faster than Europe and North America, while Sub-Saharan Africa is expected to experience a "youth bulge" by 2050. These trends will reshape population distribution and urban development.
  • Technological transformation determines the productivity of economies. AI is evolving toward agentic architectures, while digital platforms are increasingly governing markets through algorithms. Autonomous systems and robotics are transforming both entire economic sectors and everyday life. Biotechnology is already opening a new growth frontier in medicine, agriculture, and chemistry.
  • Human capital transformation is the key to adapting to the new technological reality. Education is becoming a continuous process, career paths are becoming less linear, and healthcare is shifting from disease treatment to quality-of-life management.

The report combines data analysis from international organizations (IMF, UN, World Bank, and others) with a foresight approach. It is based on expert dialogues held in January 2026, as well as more than 1,600 essays from the international competition submitted by participants from 100 countries.


If you have ideas for advancing the project or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please contact us at trim@trimcenter.ru.


We welcome contributions from external experts and are open to strategic partnerships and joint initiatives.

Learn more about the Open Dialogue project at dialog.russia.ru.

Authors

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